General introduction to Wuyuan tourism
婺源县位于江西省的东北角。它的东面是国家历史文化名城衢州，西面与瓷都景德镇相连，北部靠着皖南旅游胜地黄山，南接国家风景名胜区三清山，是一颗镶嵌在赣浙皖三省交界地的绿色明珠。全县总面积2947平方公里。辖18个乡镇，有33万多人。县城设在紫阳镇。
Wuyuan County is located in the northeastern part of Jiangxi province. To the east of Wuyuan is famous historical and cultural city Quzhou, to its west is Jingdezhen city the capital of ceramics, Huangshan Mountain is located to its north, a well-known senic spot in south of Anhui province, to its south is Sanqing Mountain, another scenic spot. Wuyuan is like a bright pearl embedded the area among the three provinces of Zhejiang, Anhui and Jiangxi. The city has an area of 2947 square kilometers with a population of 330,000. It contains 18 towns. The central town is Ziyan.
婺源建县于唐开元28年（公元740年），距今已有1200多年的历史。县名婺源，是因为“当地婺水之源”而得名。县境多山地，素有“八分半山一分田，半分水路和庄园”之称，是一个典型的江南山区县。耸立在县境北部的大鄣山，主峰鼓尖海拔1630米为最高点。这里属中亚热带湿润气候区，年平均气温16，7℃，年平均降水量1821毫米。
Wuyuan County was founded in the 28th year of Kaiyuan of the Tang Dynasty (740 A.D) for over 1200 years. Wuyuan got its name as the origins of local water. The county is hilly, with eighty-five percent of mountain area, ten percent of field and five percent of river and village. It is a classic mountainous county in south of china. The highest summit of Dazhangshan Mountain in the north is 1630 meters high above sea level. Wuyuan has a subtropical moderate humid climate. The annual average temperature is about 16.7℃. Annual mean precipitation is about 1821㎜.
人称婺源“千崖献奇，万谷汇碧”。全县有林地面积376万亩，森林覆盖率81，5%，是全国速生丰产林基地和农业先进县之一，并获得“全国绿化百佳县”的称号。婺源又素有“茶乡”之称，是全国绿茶重点产区和出口外销基地县。婺源还是全国首批农村初级电气化县，小水电装机总量达到3，46万千瓦。婺源的红、绿、黑、白“四色”特产蜚声中外：红是“水中瑰宝”荷包红鱼，它肉嫩鲜美，被定为我国淡水鱼良种，选入国宴，美国总统尼克松、日本首相田中访问我国时，都品尝过婺源荷包红鱼。绿指“婺源绿茶”，婺源绿茶唐载《茶经》，宋称“绝品”，明清时期，曾以“汤碧、香高、汁浓、味醇”等特色，获得嘉靖皇帝赏赐银牌和巴拿马万国博览会金奖，美国《茶叶全书》称赞，“婺绿”茶为“中国绿茶品质之最优者”；今婺绿“大鄣山”茶不仅获得中国第一个茶类“AA级绿色食品”证书，并获得昆明世界博览会金奖。黑是“砚国明珠”龙尾砚，早在唐代就以“声如铜、色如铁、性如滑、善凝墨”名重天下，南唐后主李煜夸为“天下冠”。白是江湾雪梨，梨果体大肉厚，松脆香甜，当属果中上品。此外，旅游商品还有工艺伞、竹编、清华婺酒和香茹、笋干、干蕨等山珍食品，均为馈赠亲友的上等佳品。婺源的交通也较为便利，营运班车已直达上海、杭州、深圳、广州、温州、宁波、金华、常熟、南昌、九江等地。通讯上实现了交换程控化、传输数字化。
Wuyuan is known for its mountain wonders. Forest coverage is 81.5 percent that about 3.76 million Mu of land area. It is one of the timber production base and one of the advanced ecological agricultural counties, winning the title of “the best county in forestation”. Wuyuan is also called “ hometown of tea”, a key tea production area and tea exporter in China. Wuyuan is one of the first county groups with electrification in rural area. The total quantity of electricity from the small hydroelectric stations is 3.46 thousand kilowatt. The four local special products known as “the four local colors” are very famous all over China. “The Red” refers a freshwater fish cooked as “Fried Red Fish”; it is tender and delicious to taste, that had been selected to serve at the state banquet honored for American President Nixon and Japanese Prime Minister when they visited china. “The Green” is the green tea of Wuyuan, recorded in “classics of tea” in the Tang Dynasty, and “the best of tea” in the Song Dynasty. It won a silver medal for its characteristic with green thick soup and fragrance by Emperor Jiajing and a gold medal of Panama Global Exhibition Trade Fair. An American book said that the green tea of Wuyuan is the top quality of china. Today, the “Dazhangshan” green tea not only gains the certificate of “Grade AA Green Food”, but also wins a gold medal of Kunming World Exhibition Trade Fair. “The Black” is a kind of inkstone named dragon-tail, known as a bright pearl among inkstones. It was already famous for its fine features early in the Tang Dynasty and praised as “Champion of China” by Emperor Liyu in the Nan Tang Dynasty. “The White” is a kind of pear named Jiangwan Snow Pear. It is one of the highest-grade fruits with its big size, fragrance and brittleness. In addition, there are many souvenirs for tourists such as craft umbrella, articles made of bamboos, liqueur of Wuyuan and foodstuffs like mushrooms, and dried-bamboo shoots and dried brackens. You can choose them as gift to your close friends and relatives. The transportations of Wuyuan are very convenient. You can take bus to reach Wuyuan County from the cities of Shanghai, Hangzhou, Shenzheng, Guangzhou, Wenzhou, Ningbo, Jinhua, Changshu, Nanchang, Jiujiang etc. The telecommunications are more advanced with the program-controlled exchange and digital transmission.
婺源古属“吴楚分源”之地，自唐代建县以后，文风昌盛，先后养育了南宋理学大师朱熹、明代篆刻家何震、清代经学家江永、科学家齐彦槐、近代铁路工程专家詹天佑、现代医学家程门雪等一代名流。按史书记载：从宋代至晚清，全县考取进士550人，出任各级官吏者2665人，明清朝竟有“一门九进士，六部四尚书”之说；还有，历代文人学士留下传世著作有3100多部，其中172部计1487卷选入《四库全书》，因之婺源又被人们誉为“书乡”。
Wuyuan lies on the frontier of Country Wu and Chu in ancient China. It is a propitious place with stronger scholar convention starting from Tang Dynasty. It was the birth place of great men such as Philosopher Zhuxi in the Nan Song Dynasty, Expert of Seal Cutting Hezheng in the Ming Dynasty, Economist Jiangyong and Scientist Qi Yanhua, Engineer of the railway Zhan Tianyou and Medical Professor Cheng Menxue in modern times. According to the history book, there were 550 successful candidates in the highest imperial examinations and 2665 officials of different levels between the Song Dynasty and the late Qing Dynasty. It was said that there were nine successful candidates in imperial examinations from one single family, and four high officials worked in six departments between the Ming and Qing Dynasty. Through several dynasties, 3100 books had been written by the scholars from the county, 172 books (1487volumes) of them were selected in SIKUQUANSHU “Imperial Collection of Four”. It is for this reason that Wuyuan is also honored as “hometown of scholars”.
下面要介绍的是婺源旅游的基本情况。婺源目前有“一区四线”五条游览线路，每条线路均可安排一日游。
Next we will give you a brief account on Wuyuan tourism industry. There are five traveling itineraries to take presently; each route can take full day.
一、 县城旅游区：文化广场----博物馆
I. The central town tour: Culture square and Museum
（1）文化广场 婺源文化广场位于武新城区，詹天佑大桥以北的二号桥北，星江河西岸与溪头路之间，南接规划中的徽剧院及商业区，北临规划中的商贸区，西靠紫阳中学，占地面积约7万公顷。由源头路直达。婺源文化广场依山傍水，是新城形象代表，体现了城市文脉的延续，又满足集会、休闲、旅游等功能要求。
(1) Culture Square It is located at the new town of Wuyuan, number two bridge of Zhan-Tianyou to its north between the west bank of Xinjiang river and road Xitou, the planning Hui-cinema to its south, the planning commercial zone to its north and Ziyan middle school to its west. It covers seventy thousand hectares areas. You can reach there from road Yuantou. The culture square surrounding with mountains and rivers is the center of the new town, symbolic landmark of Wuyuan city culture and meeting the demands of assembly, leisure and tour.
婺源文化广场，平面上象一只展翅的蝴蝶，构思上体现“桥”的要领。在“桥”中心是一个直径米的圆台，暗喻着徽派建筑的天井韵味，连接历史，展望着未来。圆台正中心是一根景观柱，与上天和未来连通，形成整个广场的圆形平台，它既是景观柱的基座，又是傩舞表演的舞台。圆台四周立了八根图腾柱，烘托了广场的历史氛围，又起到了灯光及监控的作用。以“桥”为轴，东侧设置一鲤鱼池，池中竖立五面墙壁，代表了打开未来之门的五把钥匙，分别是：技术、文化、环境、化合、希望，西侧尽端设置婺源地图，上设旱地喷泉，由水面包围，提示婺源水乡背景。“桥”的两端由块状绿化作为桥面构图饱满有序。北侧是一个带涌泉的鲤鱼池，既与桥东、西侧水面呼应，又与北面博物馆前场形成完整构图。
Wuyuan Culture Square looks like a butterfly with spread wings, reflecting the main meaning of “bridge”. The center of “bridge” is a circle terrace with one-meter diameter, a symbol of the Hui-style buildings, connecting the history and looking forward to the future. There is a column, connecting heaven and future, in the center of the circle terrace, which is the foundation of the column, and also the stage of Luo Dance. Eight totem columns around the terrace have two purposes, one for displaying the atmosphere of the history, the other for controlling the lamplight. “The bridge” as an axis, to its east lies in a carp pond. Five walls stand there; represent five keys of opening the door of future----- Technology, Culture, Environment, Chemistry and Future. There is a map of Wuyuan at the end of west. Over the map, a fountain surrounding by water, prompting that Wuyuan is a region of river and lake. Block greenbelts on the both end of “bridge” continue it; make “bridge” full and regular. The carp pond with a fountain and the museum to the north together make the Culture Square a complete scenic spot.
婺源文化广场的主题是：绿色、和谐。婺源文化广场担负着让公众了解历史，思考现在，憧憬未来的重要使命！
The main theme of Culture Square is green and harmony. The Wuyuan Culture Square bears the tasks of letting visitors understanding the history, thinking nowadays and looking forward to the future.
（2）博物馆 有“中国县级第一馆”之称，馆藏文物一万余件，珍奇异宝定能让您大开眼界！(2)Museum It has the title of “the first county level museum of china”, more than ten thousand relics, that will open your view largely.
二、东线：李坑----汪口----晓起----江湾
II. The east tour: Liken---­­­Wangkou---Xiaoqi---Jiangwan
（1）小桥流水人家----李坑 一条蜿延曲折的小溪穿村而过，村中260户人家大多依溪而住，清澈见底的小溪倒映着两侧粉墙黛瓦的古民居和浣衣女美丽的身影，构成一幅天然画卷。村中的“申明亭”是宗法制度管理村民方式的见证。
(1) river-bridge scene of historical village --Likeng. A rolling stream through the village lived by 260 peasant households and ancient buildings with its pink walls and black tiles and beautiful girls who are washing laundry reflecting from the stream look like a natural landscape. “Shengming Pavilion” is the witness of controlling on the villagers by the patriarchal clan system.
（2）汪口俞氏宗祠 气势宏伟、布局严谨、工艺精巧、风格独特，宗祠内凡木质构件均巧琢雕饰，被建筑专家誉为“艺术宝库”，系省保文物。汪口还有千年古街、老屋、长河漂流可供游览。
(2) “Wangkou Memorial Temple of the Yu Clan” is honored as an “Architectural Gallery” by ancient building experts for its magnificence, strict construction and precise craftsmanship and special style, all the parts made of wood are carved precisely and specially. Traveling in wangkou, you can walk on the millennial ancient streets, enjoy sight of the old houses, and drift in the long river.
（3）生态绿洲----晓起 建村于宋代，村中至今仍保存有“敦贵公祠”、“进士第”、“大夫第”、“荣禄第”等各具特色的明清古建，官邸气派堂皇，民居精雕细刻。村中小巷均铺青石，“养生河”里鱼虾游弋，名木古树星罗棋布，天人合一的优美环境令人流连忘返。
(3) Ecological Oases----Xiaoqi A village built in the Song Dynasty, there are many special ancient buildings with its magnificence and precise craftsmanship, they are “Dungui Shrine”.”Jinshi Mansion”, “Mansion of Senior Official” and “Rongru Mansion”etc. The roads of village were made of small stones. You can see the fish swimming freely in the “Yangshen River”. Many famous ancient trees spread all over the village, all these picturesque landscape depicting the symbiosis of people and nature, and make you forget to go home.
（4）伟人故里----江湾 这里曾孕育了清代经学家江永、明代户部侍郎江一麟、清代户部主事江桂高、清末民初教育家、佛学家江谦等名人贤士，还有“三省堂”、“敦崇堂”、“培心堂”等古民居遗存，处处让人感叹这里确是一块钟天地之灵气的风水宝地！
(4) The Great Man’s Hometown--Jiangwan the place was given birth to a lot of great men like Jiangyong [Economist in the Qing Dynasty], Jing Yilin [Deputy Minister of Finance Ministry in the Ming Dynasty], Jiang Guigao [Official of Finance Ministry in the Qing Dynasty], Jiangqian [Educator and scholar of Buddhism during the late Qing Dynasty] and many others. There visitors can see many ancient buildings such as “Sanxing Hall”, “Dunchong Hall” and “Peixin Hall”; all these make people have the feeling of Jiangwan full of histories. In Jiangwan town, there is the “Late Dragon Mount” full of trees and the river with flowing water. It is a real earthy paradise.
三、西线：文公山----金山生态茶叶观光园----鸳鸯湖----游山村----阳春古戏台
III. The west tour Wengong Hill--Jingshan Tea Garden--Mandarin Ducks Lake--Youshan Village--Yanchun Ancient Stage
（1）文公山 山腰葬有朱熹（文公）祖墓。南宋淳熙三年（1176年）朱熹返乡省亲，曾在墓周亲手植杉24株，现尚存16株，树龄虽逾八百，长势依然旺盛，最高者38，7米，最粗者胸围3，07米，有“江南杉王群”之誉。是省级风景名胜区。
(1) Wengong Hill it is a famous provincial scenic spot. There are ancestral tombs of Zhuxi [Wengong] on the halfway up the hill. In Nan Song Dynasty Chunxi period [1776] Zhuxi came back for visiting elders and planted twenty-four china firs personally surrounding the tombs, today sixteen of them survive over eight hundred years and grow well. The tallest one is 38,7 meters and the thickest one encloses 3,07 meters. All these trees gain the title of “the King Group of China Firs in south of china”.
（2）鸳鸯湖 湖区幽雅恬静、空气清新怡人、山林葱翠欲滴、湖水澄清如玉，良好的生态环境每年都引来几千对野生鸳鸯翩然汇聚下此越冬，令人叹为观止！属省级风景名胜区。
(2) Mandarin Ducks Lake It is wonderful place with fresh air, green tress and clear water. It is the good ecological environment that several thousand couples of wild mandarin ducks migrate there for surviving the winter. It is a famous provincial scenic spot.
（3）山里水乡游山 这里婺源最大的古村落，素有“千烟之村”的美誉。穿村而过的河流呈阴阳鱼形，还有“函谷亭”、“题柱桥”等体现道教文化的遗存，是宗族社会村落受宗教影响的典型物证。
(3) You Shan Village Surrounded by Hills and river is the biggest ancient Village of Wuyuan, honored as “ thousands households Village”. The winding river through the village shaped like a fish. There are many ancient relics with Taoism Culture such as “Hanggu Pavilion”, “Tizhu Bridge”. They are the classical material evidences of the village influenced by religions.
四、东北线：延村----彩虹桥----龙天塔----虹关----理坑----洪村
IV. The northeast tour Yan Village----Rainbow Bridge----Longtian Tower----Hongguang----Likeng----Hong Village
（1）清代商宅群----延村 北宋初年建村，保存有商贾建造于清乾隆、嘉庆年间的民居57幢，大多风火山墙、青瓦坡顶、三进三开间。屋内的“三雕”（木雕、砖雕、石雕）艺术，精美绝伦。
(1) The merchant buildings group of the Qing Dynasty--Yan village was built in the beginning of Bei Song Dynasty. There are 57 well-preserved local residence houses in the village, built between Qianlong and Jiaqing periods of the Qing Dynasty. These buildings most have the walls against the wind and fire, the roofs with black tiles The craftsmanship of “Three Carvings”[Brick carving, Wood carving, Stone carving] are more exquisite.
（2）彩虹桥 系省保文物。初建于宋代，长140米，宽6，5米，四墩五孔，横跨于婺江之上，状若彩虹卧波，由高低错落的11座亭阁连成一条古朴壮观的长廊，廊内两侧设有围栏和坐凳，供游人凭眺憩息。
(2) Rainbow Bridge is a provincial landmark, built in the beginning of the Song Dynasty, with length of 140 meters, a width of 6.5 meters, with four piers and archways. It crosses the river of Wu like rainbow. The eleven pavilions in different way make a long corridor. It is simple and unsophisticated. There are corrals and seats on the both sides for tourist getting a view and having a rest.
（3）龙天塔 建于明万历年间，为砖石结构，六面七层，高30余米，腰檐层层支出，宽度向上递减，每层檐角上悬铁铃，风起时，风铃铮铮有声。
(3) Longtian Tower was built in Wangli periods of the Ming Dynasty with structure of bricks. It is seven-floor tower with six sides and a height of 30 meters. Its eaves outstood gradually. Iron bells were hung on each eave made sound by the wind.
（4）徽墨名村----虹关 村头溪畔有一株800年树龄以上的古樟树，胸径3，3米，高26,1余米，冠幅三亩，枝繁叶茂，有“江南第一樟”之称。村中有“长生圳”、“厅屋”等体现农耕文化和宗教制度的历史建筑及徽墨名家的民居建筑。
(4) The Famous Village with Hui-ink--Hongguan In front of Hongguan village, there is an ancient camphor tree over 800 years is honored as “The First Camphor Tree in south of china”. Its crown covers an area of 3 Mu, and it has a diameter of 3.3 meters, a height of 26.1 meters and grows well. The buildings such as “Changshen Hall”, “Lobby House” give expression to the agricultural culture and the religion.
（5）仕宦名村----理坑 村中保存有明万历间吏部尚书余懋学“尚书第”、礼科给事中余懋孳“都谏第”，天启年间吏部尚书余懋衡“天官上卿第”、清康熙间兵部主事余维枢“司马第”等，是省级文物保护单位，全国百个“民俗文化村”之一。
(5) The Famous Village of Officials--Likeng Many ancient buildings are preserved in the village, such as “Senior Official Mansion” of Yu Maoxue [official in WanLi periods of the Ming Dynasty], “Dujing Mansion” of Yu Maozhi, “Tianguan -shangqin Mansion” of Yu Maoheng [Official in Tianqi periods] “Shima Mansion” of Yu Weisu [Manage of Ministry of War in Kangxi periods of the Qing Dynasty] etc. It is a provincial unit for the preservation of cultural relics and one of hundred counties with the title “Folk Cultural Village” in china.
五、西北线：思溪----彩虹桥----灵岩洞
Five: the northwest tour Sixi--Rainbow Bridge--Linyan caves
（1）《聊斋》影视村----思溪 村中尚保存有30余幢明末清初古建筑。“敬序堂”占地一亩多，长方形藻井古色古香，是《聊斋》拍摄地之一。另一幢古民居内，由96个不同字体的“寿”字组成的“百寿图”，分别镌雕在十二扇门中间，堪称“绝品”。
（1）The village for the movie of “Liao zhai”--Sixi There 30 ancient buildings are preserved, built between the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty. “Jingxu Hall “covered an area of one Mu with classic rectangle well. It is one of the places for shooting film of “Liao Zhai”. In another residence, a “Bai Shuo Tu”(a hundred Chinese characters on longevity) is made of 96 characters in different handwritten styles, carved in the middle of twelve doors, that is regarded as “the unexcelled art”
（2）灵岩洞国家森林公园 现已开发莲华、涵虚洞两个岩洞，洞内幽深奇峭，怪石嶙峋，地下河声宏水明，岩石倒映其中，景像万千。洞中还有朱熹、岳飞等历史名人题墨等珍贵文物。
(2)The National Forest Park--Linyan caves, there two caves named “Lianhua”and “Hanxu”have been developed. There are full of jagged stones, Underneath River with clear water. Many inscriptions were written by “Zhuxi” and “Yuefei”inside, all of them are valuable relics.
有人说婺源是一首诗，古朴而又抒情；又有人说婺源是首歌，旋律优雅轻盈。无论是诗、是歌、还是画，请大家跟着我细细去品味。
Some people say that Wuyuan is like a poem simple, unsophisticated and emotional, and some people say that Wuyuan is like a song, slim and graceful. No matter whether Wuyuan is like a poem, a song or a beautiful picture, please follow me enjoying it carefully.
翻译: 沈小红
shenxh0309@163.com
